Resumo Por meio da análise de trechos das constituições do Haiti da primeira metade do século XIX, o artigo investiga as características dos direitos humanos no constitucionalismo haitiano pós-revolucionário. Dessa análise, um arranjo conceitual alternativo é extraído para pensar o conteúdo dos direitos fundamentais e da ordem constitucional moderna. Este arranjo é expresso em cinco conceitos: direitos universais do negro; materialidade da escravidão; cidadania diaspórica; propriedade abolicionista; princípio do solo livre; e nação quilombo. A análise é realizada em diálogo com o pensamento de intelectuais negros e negras. Conclui-se que a poética constitucional haitiana opera uma crítica às narrativas hegemônicas sobre a “invenção dos direitos humanos” e, ao mesmo tempo, fornece um imaginário moral mais amplo e plural do constitucionalismo, especialmente por lidar decididamente com o legado da escravidão, do colonialismo e do racismo.

Abstract Through the analysis of excerpts from the Haitian constitutions of the first half of the 19th century, the article investigates the characteristics of human rights in post-revolutionary Haitian constitutionalism. From this analysis, an alternative conceptual arrangement is extracted to think about the content of fundamental rights and the modern constitutional order. This conceptual arrangement is expressed in five concepts: universal Black rights; materiality of slavery; diasporic citizenship; abolitionist property; free soil principle; and quilombo nation. The analysis is carried out in dialogue with the thought of Black intellectuals. It is concluded that the Haitian constitutional poetics operates a critique of the hegemonic narratives about the “invention of human rights” and, at the same time, provides a broader and plural moral imaginary for constitutionalism, especially for dealing decisively with the legacy of slavery, colonialism and racism.

ABSTRACT A 2-year-old female patient, admitted in the emergency room, presented diarrhea for 5 days and bloody stools in the last 24 hours. Physical examination revealed no significant findings. Ultrasound was initially performed, showing an elongated, well delimited and solid mass occupying since right hypocondrium until left iliac fossa, displacing adjacent structures. In sequence, magnetic resonance imaging was performed for confirmation of findings suggestive of omentum lipoma. After 1 week, the surgical resection was performed by videolaparoscopic acess. During 2-year follow-up, there was no sign of recurrence.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate anthropometric and clinical data, muscle mass, subcutaneous fat, spine bone mineral density, extent of acute pulmonary disease related to COVID-19, quantification of pulmonary emphysema, coronary calcium, and hepatic steatosis using chest computed tomography of hospitalized patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and verify its association with disease severity. Methods: A total of 123 adults hospitalized due to COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled in the present study, which evaluated the anthropometric, clinical and chest computed tomography data (pectoral and paravertebral muscle area and density, subcutaneous fat, thoracic vertebral bodies density, degree of pulmonary involvement by disease, coronary calcium quantification, liver attenuation measurement) and their association with poorer prognosis characterized through a combined outcome of intubation and mechanical ventilation, need of intensive care unit, and death. Results: Age (p=0.013), body mass index (p=0.009), lymphopenia (p=0.034), and degree of pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 pneumonia (p<0.001) were associated with poor prognosis. Extent of pulmonary involvement by COVID-19 pneumonia had an odds ratio of 1,329 for a poor prognosis and a cutoff value of 6.5 for increased risk, with a sensitivity of 64.9% and specificity of 67.1%. Conclusion: The present study found an association of high body mass index, older age, extent of pulmonary involvement by COVID-19, and lymphopenia with severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients.

ABSTRACT Objective To determine whether the size of thyroid nodules in ACR-TIRADS ultrasound categories 3 and 4 is correlated with the Bethesda cytopathology classification. Methods Thyroid nodules (566) subclassified as ACR-TIRADS 3 or 4 were divided into three size categories according to American Thyroid Association guidelines. The frequency of different Bethesda categories in each size range within ACR-TIRADS 3 and 4 classifications was analyzed. Results Most nodules in both ACR-TIRADS classifications fell in the Bethesda 2 category, regardless of size (90.8% and 68.6%, ACR-TIRADS 3 and 4 respectively). The prevalence of Bethesda 6 nodules in the ACR-TIRADS 4 group was 14 times higher than in the ACR-TIRADS 3 group. There were no significant differences between nodule size and fine needle aspiration biopsy classification in any of the ACR-TIRADS categories. Conclusion Size does not appear to be an important criterion for indication of fine needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules with a high suspicion of malignancy on ultrasound examination.

Resumo O artigo debate o conceito de afroempreendedorismo e as suas consequências para o direito, valendo-se da crítica ao racismo e às relações raciais na América Latina. Para tanto, primeiro, apresenta as características do empreendedorismo dentro do marco do direito empresarial. Desses atributos, desprendem-se os elementos centrais do que seria o afroempreendedor. Em um segundo momento, a partir de entrevistas com empreendedores negros realizadas em Bogotá e Brasília, delimita-se uma estrutura aberta do conceito de afroempreendedorismo, conectada com o cotidiano e as demandas dos próprios comerciantes. Com isso, entende-se que essa estrutura conceitual aberta é a mais adequada a um campo de investigação e intervenção ainda incipiente, respeitando as definições dos próprios empreendedores. Ademais, ela se apresenta como mais apropriada na formulação de políticas públicas e na orientação do sistema jurídico diante dos desafios da igualdade racial e do enfrentamento do racismo nas Américas, inscritos na Constituição brasileira de 1988 e na Constituição colombiana de 1991.

Abstract The paper discusses the concept of black entrepreneurship and its consequences for the law, drawing on the criticism of racism and race relations in Latin America. Therefore, first, it presents the characteristics of entrepreneurship within the framework of business law. From these attributes, it develops the central elements to identify the afro-entrepreneurship. In a second step, based on interviews with Black entrepreneurs held in Bogotá and Brasília, an open structure of the concept of afro-entrepreneurship is defined, connected with the daily life and the demands of the Black entrepreneurs themselves. Thereby, it is understood that this open conceptual structure is the most suitable for a field of research and intervention that is still incipient, respecting the definitions of the entrepreneurs themselves. In addition, it presents itself as more appropriate in the formulation of public policies and in the orientation of the legal system in the face of the challenges of racial equality and the fight against racism in the Americas, registered in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and the Colombian Constitution of 1991.

ABSTRACT Objective To stratify ultrasound samples in a pediatric population undergoing evaluation for acute appendicitis to examine the variability in cecal appendix diameter, in different age groups, and to determine whether there is a prevalent value for each age group. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study with 196 children aged 0 to 15 years. Data were extracted from reports of ultrasound examinations carried out between 2008 and 2015. Children with sonographic diagnosis of appendicitis or other signs of periappendiceal inflammation were excluded. Results The evaluation of the anteroposterior measurement of the cecal appendix revealed a mean diameter of 4.14mm (standard deviation: 0.93mm; 95%CI: 3.86-4.14). Cecal appendix diameter did not differ significant between age groups. Conclusion Evaluation of the anteroposterior diameter of the cecal appendix in centimeters in a sample of 196 children aged 0 to15 years revealed a mean diameter of 4.14mm (standard deviation, 0.93mm. There were no significant differences in cecal appendix diameter following stratification by age. Results indicate a single value can be adopted for mean cecal appendix diameter in pediatric populations.

RESUMEN El presente artículo pretende comprender el fenómeno de encarcelamiento en masa de los Estados Unidos iniciado a partir de la década de 1970 por medio de la película Attica, Against the Wall, que narra la rebelión y la lucha de presos de esa prisión por el reconoci miento de sus derechos. Con la película buscamos no una interpretación historiográfica del evento en Attica, sino el análisis de las posibles representaciones para los diferentes discursos que lo impregnaron y su relación con el derecho. Así, se trata de un estudio cualitativo comprensivo. Aprovechando el valor de los testimonios ficticios y desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, el artículo utiliza la película como una herramienta de difusión y sensibilización sobre los problemas del encarcelamiento en masa y del racismo institucional. Teniendo en cuenta este episodio como punto interpretativo del giro de las políticas socia les y criminales estadounidenses, se busca comprender cuáles discursos, ideas y prácticas fueron articuladas para vaciar la esfera pública de los movimientos reivindicatorios de las décadas de los años 50 y 60, que permitieron justificar el crecimiento exponencial del poder punitivo y de la vigilancia, así como entender de qué forma el avance del Estado penal actúa como dispositivo esencial para la no concretización de la ciudadanía negra. Finalmente, se harán aproximaciones entre la realidad estadounidense y la brasileña a partir de dicho episodio.

ABSTRACT Inspired on the film Attica - Against The Wall, which portrays the rebellion of Attica prisoners for rights and better conditions, this article analyzes the phenomenon of mass incarceration in the United States that started at the beginning of 1970. Considering this episode as an interpretive turning point in US social and criminal policies, we intend to identify which discourses, ideas, and practices were articulated to neutralize the achievements of the social movements of 1950 and 1960. We proceed to identify how these movements justified the intense growth of surveillance and punitive power. We also aim to understand how the advancement of law enforcement works as an essential device for the non-achievement of black citizenship. Finally, by notable similarities, we made a comparison between the US and Brazilian realities.

RESUMO O presente artigo pretende compreender o fenômeno de encarceramento em massa dos Estados Unidos iniciado a partir da década de 1970 através do filme Attica - Against the Wall, que narra a rebelião e a luta de presos dessa prisão pelo reconhecimento de seus direitos. Com o filme buscamos não uma interpretação historiográfica do evento em Attica, mas a análise das possíveis representações para os diferentes discursos que o impregna ram e sua relação com o direito. Assim, trata-se de um estudo qualitativo compreensivo. Aproveitando o valor dos testemunhos fictícios e desde um enfoque interdisciplinar, o artigo utiliza o filme como uma ferramenta de difusão e sensibilização sobre os problemas do encarceramento em massa e do racismo institucional. Tendo em conta este episódio como ponto interpretativo do giro das políticas sociais e criminais estadunidenses, busca se compreender quais discursos, ideias e práticas foram articuladas para vaziar a esfera pública dos movimentos reivindicatórios das décadas dos anos 50 e 60, que permitiram justificar o crescimento exponencial do poder punitivo e da vigilância, assim como enten der de que forma o avance do Estado penal atua como dispositivo essencial para a não concretização da cidadania negra. Finalmente, se farão aproximações entre a realidade estadunidense e a brasileira a partir de dito episódio.

RESUMO Os departamentos de radiologia precisaram adotar mudanças significativas em sua rotina durante a pandemia da doença causada pelo novo coronavírus, a fim de reduzir sua transmissibilidade e otimizar os cuidados médicos. Neste artigo, descrevemos as políticas adotadas pelo Departamento de Radiologia de um hospital privado durante a pandemia, com foco em qualidade e segurança de paciente submetido a exames de imagem, equipe de assistência do departamento de imagem, médico solicitante, demais pacientes e ambiente hospitalar.

ABSTRACT Radiology departments were forced to make significant changes in their routine during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, to prevent further transmission of the coronavirus and optimize medical care as well. In this article, we describe our Radiology Department’s policies in a private hospital for coronavirus disease 2019 preparedness focusing on quality and safety for the patient submitted to imaging tests, the healthcare team involved in the exams, the requesting physician, and for other patients and hospital environment.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a técnica de injeção de matrizes hemostáticas e a experiência do nosso serviço de radiologia intervencionista na sua aplicação. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado estudo unicêntrico com análise retrospectiva da experiência do nosso grupo na utilização de matriz hemostática gelatinosa em biópsias percutâneas. Resultados: Foram realizadas 73 biópsias com utilização de matriz hemostática gelatinosa no trajeto da agulha coaxial em diferentes órgãos, como fígado, rim, baço, entre outros. A única complicação observada foi a migração da matriz hemostática para o sistema coletor do rim esquerdo, sendo solucionada com tratamento clínico. Não foram observados casos de sangramento no trajeto das biópsias após a injeção de matrizes hemostáticas. Conclusão: O uso de matrizes hemostáticas no trajeto de biópsias percutâneas é mais uma ferramenta disponível a ser considerada nos procedimentos minimamente invasivos.

Abstract Objective: To describe the technique of injecting hemostatic matrix, as well as the experience of our interventional radiology department in its application. Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-center study with retrospective analysis of the experience of our group in the use of hemostatic gelatin matrix in percutaneous biopsies. Results: In a total of 73 biopsies in different organs, such as the liver, kidney, and spleen, hemostatic gelatin matrix was introduced into the coaxial needle. The only complication observed was migration of the hemostatic matrix to the left kidney collecting system, and that was resolved with clinical treatment. There were no cases of bleeding after the injection of hemostatic matrix. Conclusion: The use of hemostatic matrices in the path of percutaneous biopsies is another tool available for consideration in minimally invasive procedures.

ABSTRACT Podcasts - online distributed audio files - are easy access and production media, which can be used for Scientific Communication (SC) but few are presented in Portuguese. The objective of this work is to perform a case study with data from a survey for two Brazilian SC podcasts (Dragões de Garagem and Fronteiras da Ciência) to evaluate the increase of science podcast media in Brazil, the involved potential, their advantages, shortcomings, and perspectives. We noted an increase of listeners over the years, probably due to the internet popularization and the massive increase of mobile phones. Scientific content is underexplored, despite the great interest of the public. Humorous and informal podcasts are the most appealing to the public and they usually listen to them on informal educational sites. The majority of the public is from the South and Southeast regions, they are young male adults with undergraduate or graduate degrees. SC podcasts, despite their potential to communicate science, still have shortcomings to overcome. Nevertheless, independent initiatives can solve this difficulty, making possible for the media to reach a varied audience, affecting different groups that would not have interest in a specific content before, or even the access itself to the scientific knowledge.

RESUMO Augusta Marie Déjerine-Klumpke (1859-1927) foi uma formidável neurologista, neuroanatomista e pesquisadora na França. Uma das primeiras mulheres aceitas para estágios médicos internos e externos ao hospital, e pesquisa em Paris, Augusta fez seu nome estudando e ensinando anatomia, histologia e dissecção, participando de atividades clínicas em neurologia, obstetrícia, pediatria e trauma neurológico, participando de necrópsias, e escrevendo artigos científicos e capítulos de livros. Sua principal pesquisa em neurologia lhe rendeu um epônimo para a avulsão da raiz inferior do plexo braquial (paralisia de Klumpke). Casada com seu professor, o notável Dr. Joseph Jules Déjerine, Augusta continuou sua carreira e se tornou a primeira mulher presidente da Sociedade Francesa de Neurologia.

ABSTRACT Augusta Marie Déjerine-Klumpke (1859-1927) was a formidable neurologist, neuroanatomist and researcher in France. One of the first women to be accepted for medical internship, externship and research in Paris, Augusta made her name studying and teaching anatomy, histology and dissection, attending clinical activities in neurology, obstetrics, pediatrics and neurologic trauma, performing necropsies, and writing scientific papers and book chapters. Her main research in neurology awarded her an eponym for the avulsion of the lowest root of the brachial plexus (Klumpke's palsy). Married to her professor, the remarkable Dr. Joseph Jules Déjerine, Augusta continued her career and became the first female president of the French Society of Neurology.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a segurança e a efetividade da redução de volume nodular e função tireoidiana após tratamento com ablação percutânea por laser em pacientes com nódulos tireoidianos benignos não funcionantes. Métodos Estudo unicêntrico prospectivo, de janeiro de 2011 a outubro de 2012, que avaliou 30 pacientes eutireoideos (com anticorpos antitireoide negativos), com nódulo solitário ou dominante benigno, com indicação de tratamento devido a sintomas de compressão e distúrbios estéticos. As avaliações clínica e laboratorial (ultrassonografia de tireoide, TSH, FT4, TG, TG-Ab, TPO-Ab e TRAb) foram realizada antes do procedimento e periodicamente − 1 semana, 3 meses e 6 meses depois. A técnica de ablação consistiu em procedimento realizado sob a anestesia local e sedação. Em cada tratamento, uma a três agulhas espinhais 21G foram inseridas no nódulo tireoidiano. A fibra laser foi posicionada através da agulha que foi, então, retirada 10mm, para deixar a ponta em contato direto com o nódulo. Os pacientes foram tratados com uma potência de saída ND: Yag-laser de 4W e 1.500 a 2.000J por fibra por tratamento. Todo o procedimento foi guiado por ultrassonografia. Resultados Foram avaliados 30 pacientes, com total de 31 nódulos submetidos à ablação a laser. A redução média volumétrica do nódulo foi de aproximadamente 60% após 12 meses. Não foi observada significância estatística na função da tireoide e nem nos níveis de anticorpos. Houve pico no nível de tiroglobulina após o procedimento devido à destruição do tecido (p<0,0001). Nenhum efeito adverso foi observado. Conclusão A ablação com laser é um tratamento minimamente invasivo promissor para tratamento do nódulo benigno da tireoide.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate safety and effectiveness of nodule volume reduction and thyroid function after percutaneous laser ablation treatment in patients with benign nonfunctioning thyroid nodules. Methods Prospective single-center study, from January 2011 to October 2012, which evaluated 30 euthyroid and thyroid antibodies negative patients with benign solitary or dominant nodule with indication of treatment due to compressive symptoms and aesthetic disturbances. The clinical and laboratory (thyroid ultrasound, TSH, FT4, TG, TG-Ab, TPO-Ab and TRAb levels) evaluations were performed before the procedure, and periodically 1 week, 3 months and 6 months after. The ablation technique was performed under local anesthesia and sedation. In each treatment, one to three 21G spinal needle were inserted into the thyroid nodule. The laser fiber was positioned through the needle, which was then withdrawn 10mm to leave the tip in direct contact with the nodule tissue. Patients were treated with a ND: Yag-laser output power of 4W and 1,500 to 2,000J per fiber per treatment. The entire procedure was performed under US guidance. Results Thirty patients, with a total of 31 nodules submitted to laser ablation were evaluated. The median volumetric reduction of the nodule was approximately 60% after 12 months. No statistical significance was observed on thyroid function and antibodies levels. There was a peak on the level of thyroglobulin after the procedure due to tissue destruction (p<0.0001). No adverse effects were observed. Conclusion Percutaneous laser ablation is a promising outpatient minimally invasive treatment of benign thyroid nodule.

Resumo Este estudo apresenta um levantamento florístico das Lentibulariaceae ocorrentes na Serra dos Pireneus (SDP), estado de Goiás, Brasil. O bioma da SDP é o Cerrado, onde diferentes fitofisionomias ocorrem, incluindo campos úmidos, ambientes onde as Lentibulariaceae geralmente habitam. Coletas dos espécimes foram realizadas entre 2007 e 2010 e amostras de herbários também foram consultadas. Nove espécies foram encontradas em Lentibulariaceae: dos gêneros Genlisea (2 spp.) e Utricularia (7 spp.). Descrições, ilustrações, fotografias e chaves de identificação para estas espécies são apresentadas neste estudo.

Abstract This study provides a floristic survey of Lentibulariaceae occurring in Serra dos Pireneus (SDP), state of Goiás, Brazil. The phytogeographic domain in which SDP is located is the Cerrado, with different vegetation, including floodplain grasslands (campos úmidos) where Lentibulariaceae usually occur. Samples were collected from 2007 to 2010 and herbarium samples were consulted as well. We recorded nine species of Lentibulariaceae: the genera Genlisea (2 spp.) and Utricularia (7 spp.). Descriptions, illustrations, photographs and identification keys are presented in this study.